Demography, Migration and Integration

In the research area of Demography, Migration and Integration, we deal with the theoretical and empirical aspects of demographic developments. From the macroeconomic feedback mechanisms, we derive the necessary (economic policy) actions for governmental decision makers, enterprises and society as a whole. In addition, we analyse the causes and consequences of international migration. In this context, we observe both internal European migration processes and bilateral flows across the borders of the European Union. On this basis, we make political, societal and economic recommendations, so as to maximise the benefits of migration and minimise the disadvantages. The aim is generally to render politically viable, societally accepted and economically efficient integration processes more probable. One focus of our work is on analysing Turkish-European migration and the integration of people of Turkish origin in Germany. In this respect, the consequences of multiple citizenship and entrepreneurial independence play a unique role.

Publications

Bei den jüngsten Präsidentschaftswahlen in den USA hat das Thema Einwanderung erneut eine prominente Rolle gespielt. Während Barack Obama aktiv für eine liberale Zuwanderungspolitik warb, stellte sein republikanischer Widersacher Mitt Romney lange die Bekämpfung der illegalen Zuwanderung in den Mittelpunkt. Obwohl der Außenhandel ähnliche Auswirkungen auf den einheimischen Arbeitsmarkt haben kann wie Zuwanderung, vertreten die Republikaner auf diesem Feld – im Gegensatz zu den Demokraten – seit vielen Jahren eine sehr liberale Position. Eine neue Forschungsstudie greift die skizzierten Unterschiede zwischen Republikanern und Demokraten auf und analysiert die Außenhandels- und Zuwanderungspolitik der USA aus politökonomischer Perspektive.

Chapter in Book

Development and receiving countries

by Thomas Straubhaar, Manh-Cuong Vu
Over the last decades, the United States has become increasingly integrated in the world economy. Very low trade barriers and comparatively liberal migration policies have made these developments possible. What drove US congressmen to support the recent wave of globalization? While much of the literature has emphasized the differences that exist between the political economy of trade and migration, in this paper we find that important similarities should not be overlooked. In particular, our analysis of congressional voting between 1970 and 2006 suggests that economic drivers that work through the labor market play an important role in shaping representatives' behavior on both types of policies. Representatives from more skilled-labor abundant districts are more likely to support both trade liberalization and a more open stance vis-à-vis unskilled immigration. Still, important systematic differences exist: welfare state considerations and network effects have an impact on the support for immigration liberalization, but not for trade; Democratic lawmakers are systematically more likely to support a more open migration stance than their Republican counterparts, and the opposite is true for trade liberalization.