The Mittelstand firm has always been considered a successful model of the German economy. The German Mittelstand is considered to have played a crucial role in the German economic miracle after the Second World War, in overcoming the costs of German Reunification and the global economic crisis of 2008/2009. Surprisingly, there is so far only sparse empirical evidence for the importance of Mittelstand firms in Germany. In this article we provide figures for the first time on the regional and sectoral importance of German Mittelstand companies and in particular highlight differences between western and eastern Germany.